@article { author = {Zargaran, Arman and Abbassian, Alireza}, title = {The Role of Dr. Mahmoud Khodadoust as the Highest Responsible for Traditional Medicine in Iranian Ministry of Health in Progress and Development of Persian Medicine}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {133-134}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45636.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45636_b1a599e94a383f8375cefd98d110e467.pdf} } @article { author = {Sangari, Esmaeil and Jaberi, Fereshteh}, title = {Myth-Centered Medicine in Ancient Greece and the Cognitive Effect Relationship between Medical Notions and Treatment Methods}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {135-146}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Medicine is a manifestation of social life and intellectual infrastructure in every society at any time in history. As a technic focusing on needs, its existential roots can be found in any place in different eras. Although in pre-historic period medicine was at myths’ service which was enriched by imaginary necessities, partial and iconographic approach, it is not possible to strip off the aspects accordant with reality. In fact, the myths gave meaning to minor instances of mythology in human life in order to bring an answer worthy of human understanding to needs and proportions of the mysterious life in this world. This answer, certainly has roots in reality and affects one’s individual and social life. In ancient Greece, the mythical thoughts gave meaning to people’s lives. In fact, understanding life was in the same direction with existential understanding of myths. Continual needs of mortal human linked to solid thoughts, which resulted in deep beliefs inclined to reality. In Greek mythology, healing God, Asclepius, had a great role in medicine. Disease and health depended on the interaction between people, and the temple and the priests, and of course, the most prominent of all, on deep beliefs. Although the therapy factors were more spiritual and supernatural, gradually experimental behavior continued and, as a result, it was a beginning for the emergence of scientific experimental medicine. The idea that visualized tangible factors for each occurrence finally resulted in a mental synchronization. Eventually, the whole concept became generalizable and paved the way for empiricism and experimental medicine.}, keywords = {Ancient Greece,History of medicine,Mythology,Treatment Methods}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45637.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45637_1839c24fbaf284045bf5c49485deb55d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdoli, Javad and Motamedi, Seyed Ali and Zargaran, Arman}, title = {A Short Review on the History of Anesthesia in Ancient Civilizations}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {147-156}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Anesthesia is one of the main issues in surgery and has progressed a lot since two centuries ago. The formal history of surgery indicates that beginning of anesthesia backs to the 18th century, but reviewing the history of medicine shows that pain management and anesthesia has a long history in ancient times. The word “anesthesia”, comes from Greek language: an-(means: “without”) and aisthēsis (means: “sensation”), the combination of which means the inhibition of sensation. The oldest reports show that the Sumerians maybe were the first people that they cultivated and harvested narcotic sedative like the opium Poppy as early as 3400 BC and used them as pain killers. There are some texts which show us that Greek and Mesopotamia’s doctors prescribed alcoholic beverages before their surgeries. In the Byzantine time, physicians used an elixir known as “laudanum” that was a good sedative prior the patient’s operation. Ancient Persia and China were as the biggest civilizations, of which medicine anesthesia had a great role in. Also, Persian and other Muslim physicians developed the field of anesthesiology in early medieval era which is called Islamic Golden Age.}, keywords = {Anesthesia,History,Ancient history,Persian medicine}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45640.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45640_d5af67c017732f57e6c06201d82dec57.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehghan, Masoumeh and Farkhondehzadeh, Mahboobeh}, title = {Study of Scientific Life of Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Jazzar}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {157-168}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {In the history of Islamic Medicine, honorable physicians have risen, however, some of them are lesser-known. Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Jazzar is one of the students of the medical school of Kairouan, who was scientifically active in the period of the Fatimid Caliphate (297-358 A.H/  909-969 A.D). The scientific works of this knowledgable scientist manifest his expertise and skill in lexicon, philosophy, medicine, and branches related to medicine, especially pharmacology. Tibb al-Fuqara' va al-Masakin [medicine for the poor and destitute] is one of his most enduring medical works with considerable fame. This research tries to study the details of Ibn Jazzar’s scientific life as well as his works remained in the field of Medicine.}, keywords = {Ibn Jazzar,Medicine in North Africa,Fatimid Caliphate,Tibb al-Fuqara' va al-Masakin}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45641.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45641_0797cce4dc4369d2807fa201b793195b.pdf} } @article { author = {Hossein Hashemi, Zahra and Kasiri, Masood and Montazerolghaem, Asghar}, title = {An Analytical Investigation of Causes and methods of Eye Neoplasm treatment in Islamic civilization}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {169-178}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Eye and its treatments and surgeries used to be taken as a profession in old Islamic civilization and ophthalmology, just as surgery, used to be a completely independent branch of medicine. A glance on numerous works authored about the eye and its treatments during Islamic time illustrates the fact that Islamic physicians knew most of eye diseases, and have  posed some theories about the eye and its diseases in theirs books.The present study tries to scrutinize on Muslim physicians ideas about Eye Neoplasm and its causes and treatment and to compare them with modern medicine. This is a descriptive-analytic library study and attempts to illuminate opinions of Muslim physicians about Eye Neoplasm and their suggested treatments. The results showed theories of Eye Neoplasm posed by Muslims and also their suggested treatments were of totally scientific bases and accord modern medicine sources and methods.}, keywords = {Eye Neoplasm,Islamic medicine,Muslim physicians}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45642.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45642_0dccc913526cad22f5ee4459296401c9.pdf} } @article { author = {Maslehat, Sholeh and Mostafavi, Ehsan}, title = {In the Memory of Mohammad Hanifi, a Prominent Expert on the Plague in the Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII)}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {179-190}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Due to the human plague epidemic in some regions of Kurdistan in 1947, research teams of the Pasteur Institute of Iran were sent to these regions for studies. Such studies are still ongoing. Mr. Mohammad Hanifi caught plague during its epidemic, and most of his relatives died of the disease. He began his official collaboration with research teams of the PII in diagnosing and controlling plague reservoir rodents in 1959, and it lasted until his death in 2015. In addition to plague, Hanifi conducted a great number of studies on other diseases such as relapsing fever, rabies and cholera. During his lifetime, he also suffered from plague and relapsing fever but he healed.The present paper reviewed his lasting activities during his work in the Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII).}, keywords = {Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII),Plague,Borrelia,Rabies,Medical history}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45643.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45643_91a800e500390355121966f0d991a648.pdf} } @article { author = {Buketan Alharbi, Mohammad and Saud Alaskar, ‏Ahmad and Alqahtani, Turki Saad and Saud Bin Suwailem, Musaad and Alsaleem, Mohammed Bader and Alanizi, Yara Nasser and Alanazi, Shamukh Hamid and Alrwaili, Sultana Hummod and Algmmal, Heba Mahmoud and Saba, Ahlam Essam and Alazmi, Azzah Abdullah and Alkusheif, Hamasat Mansour and Alabdali, Futun Fahad}, title = {The Application of Venesection (FASD) in Medical and Surgical Practice by Ibn al-Quff in the Islamic Era (1233-1286)}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {191-196}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Venesection (FASD) (or the practice of drawing blood from a vein as a medical therapy) was first introduced by Ibn al-Quff in the 12th century, described in his book, al Omdaa (Arabic version). He explained in details how venesection (FASD) or bloodletting would help to relieve different infectious and dermatological diseases as well as some tumours.A comprehensive literature review was done using PubMed and Google Scholar. Papers written on Ibn al-Quff’s work and his contribution to medical knowledge, including those on venesection were selected. Chapter 10 of Ibn al-Quff’s (in Arabic) manuscript describes extensively the reasons and procedures for venesection.Ibn al-Quff discussed the efficacy of venesection in multiple medical conditions such as inflammatory, infectious, and haematological tumours and other cases. The vast use of venesection raises the concern, especially regarding its inefficiency in some current medical treatments.Ibn al-Quff talked about venesection in a way not suitable for his time. Venesection, in comparison to hemodilution, has a role in medical practice. Multiple applications of Ibn al-Quff’s venesection require more studies in current medical practices.}, keywords = {Ibn al-Quff,Venesection,Hemodilution,Hemofiltration,Fasd,Islam}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45638.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45638_f49a7481b66234086b8a04806a090416.pdf} } @article { author = {Zargaran, Arman}, title = {The 2nd International Congress on History of Medicine in Iran and Islam}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {197-198}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45639.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45639_54b9e3a0eafbc48c68f5236715ee4e79.pdf} }