Shiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801The Role of Dr. Mahmoud Khodadoust as the Highest Responsible for Traditional Medicine in Iranian Ministry of Health in Progress and Development of Persian Medicine13313445636ENArmanZargaranPharmD, PhD, Assistant professor, Department of History of Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-4351-3861AlirezaAbbassianAssistant professor, Department of History of Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20190908https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45636_b1a599e94a383f8375cefd98d110e467.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801Myth-Centered Medicine in Ancient Greece and the Cognitive Effect Relationship between Medical Notions and Treatment Methods13514645637ENEsmaeilSangariAssistant professor, Department of History and Iranology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-2351-4947FereshtehJaberiM.A. in History of Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Department of History and Iranology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20190202Medicine is a manifestation of social life and intellectual infrastructure in every society at any time in history. As a technic focusing on needs, its existential roots can be found in any place in different eras. Although in pre-historic period medicine was at myths’ service which was enriched by imaginary necessities, partial and iconographic approach, it is not possible to strip off the aspects accordant with reality. In fact, the myths gave meaning to minor instances of mythology in human life in order to bring an answer worthy of human understanding to needs and proportions of the mysterious life in this world. This answer, certainly has roots in reality and affects one’s individual and social life. In ancient Greece, the mythical thoughts gave meaning to people’s lives. In fact, understanding life was in the same direction with existential understanding of myths. Continual needs of mortal human linked to solid thoughts, which resulted in deep beliefs inclined to reality. In Greek mythology, healing God, Asclepius, had a great role in medicine. Disease and health depended on the interaction between people, and the temple and the priests, and of course, the most prominent of all, on deep beliefs. Although the therapy factors were more spiritual and supernatural, gradually experimental behavior continued and, as a result, it was a beginning for the emergence of scientific experimental medicine. The idea that visualized tangible factors for each occurrence finally resulted in a mental synchronization. Eventually, the whole concept became generalizable and paved the way for empiricism and experimental medicine.https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45637_1839c24fbaf284045bf5c49485deb55d.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801A Short Review on the History of Anesthesia in Ancient Civilizations14715645640ENJavadAbdoliBS Student at Department of Anesthesiology, Alborz University of Medical Science, Alborz, Iran0000-0002-3589-0002Seyed AliMotamediBS Student at Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; BS Student at Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1331-7571ArmanZargaranPharmD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of History of Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-4351-3861Journal Article20190908Anesthesia is one of the main issues in surgery and has progressed a lot since two centuries ago. The formal history of surgery indicates that beginning of anesthesia backs to the 18th century, but reviewing the history of medicine shows that pain management and anesthesia has a long history in ancient times. The word “anesthesia”, comes from Greek language: an-(means: “without”) and aisthēsis (means: “sensation”), the combination of which means the inhibition of sensation. The oldest reports show that the Sumerians maybe were the first people that they cultivated and harvested narcotic sedative like the opium Poppy as early as 3400 BC and used them as pain killers. There are some texts which show us that Greek and Mesopotamia’s doctors prescribed alcoholic beverages before their surgeries. In the Byzantine time, physicians used an elixir known as “laudanum” that was a good sedative prior the patient’s operation. Ancient Persia and China were as the biggest civilizations, of which medicine anesthesia had a great role in. Also, Persian and other Muslim physicians developed the field of anesthesiology in early medieval era which is called Islamic Golden Age.https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45640_d5af67c017732f57e6c06201d82dec57.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801Study of Scientific Life of Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Jazzar15716845641ENMasoumehDehghanPhD., Assistant Professor, Department of History, College of Literature and Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-7874-8129MahboobehFarkhondehzadehPhD., Assistant Professor, Department of Theology and Islamic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-5972-1193Journal Article20190904In the history of Islamic Medicine, honorable physicians have risen, however, some of them are lesser-known. Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Jazzar is one of the students of the medical school of Kairouan, who was scientifically active in the period of the Fatimid Caliphate (297-358 A.H/ 909-969 A.D). The scientific works of this knowledgable scientist manifest his expertise and skill in lexicon, philosophy, medicine, and branches related to medicine, especially pharmacology. Tibb al-Fuqara' va al-Masakin [medicine for the poor and destitute] is one of his most enduring medical works with considerable fame. This research tries to study the details of Ibn Jazzar’s scientific life as well as his works remained in the field of Medicine.https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45641_0797cce4dc4369d2807fa201b793195b.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801An Analytical Investigation of Causes and methods of Eye Neoplasm treatment in Islamic civilization16917845642ENZahraHossein HashemiPh.D. Student of Islamic History, Department of History, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-3008-456XMasoodKasiriPh.D. Assistant Professor of History, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-0175-8732AsgharMontazerolghaemPh.D. Professor of History Department, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iranhttps://orcid.org/00Journal Article20190721Eye and its treatments and surgeries used to be taken as a profession in old Islamic civilization and ophthalmology, just as surgery, used to be a completely independent branch of medicine. A glance on numerous works authored about the eye and its treatments during Islamic time illustrates the fact that Islamic physicians knew most of eye diseases, and have posed some theories about the eye and its diseases in theirs books.The present study tries to scrutinize on Muslim physicians ideas about Eye Neoplasm and its causes and treatment and to compare them with modern medicine. This is a descriptive-analytic library study and attempts to illuminate opinions of Muslim physicians about Eye Neoplasm and their suggested treatments. The results showed theories of Eye Neoplasm posed by Muslims and also their suggested treatments were of totally scientific bases and accord modern medicine sources and methods.https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45642_0dccc913526cad22f5ee4459296401c9.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801In the Memory of Mohammad Hanifi, a Prominent Expert on the Plague in the Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII)17919045643ENSholehMaslehatM. A., Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Center for Emerging and Retired Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Iran0000-0002-9170-2096EhsanMostafaviPhD., Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Center for Emerging and Retired Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1997-517XJournal Article20190302Due to the human plague epidemic in some regions of Kurdistan in 1947, research teams of the Pasteur Institute of Iran were sent to these regions for studies. Such studies are still ongoing. Mr. Mohammad Hanifi caught plague during its epidemic, and most of his relatives died of the disease. He began his official collaboration with research teams of the PII in diagnosing and controlling plague reservoir rodents in 1959, and it lasted until his death in 2015. In addition to plague, Hanifi conducted a great number of studies on other diseases such as relapsing fever, rabies and cholera. During his lifetime, he also suffered from plague and relapsing fever but he healed.The present paper reviewed his lasting activities during his work in the Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII).https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45643_91a800e500390355121966f0d991a648.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801The Application of Venesection (FASD) in Medical and Surgical Practice by Ibn al-Quff in the Islamic Era (1233-1286)19119645638ENMohammadBuketan AlharbiAssistant professor of General surgery, Department of surgery, Medical college, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia0000-0002-3328-579XAhmadSaud AlaskarMedical college, Al Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Turki SaadAlqahtaniMedical college, Al Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)MusaadSaud Bin SuwailemMedical college, Al Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Mohammed BaderAlsaleemMedical college, Al Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU)Yara NasserAlaniziMedical college, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaShamukh HamidAlanaziIbn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaSultana HummodAlrwailiMedical college, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaHeba MahmoudAlgmmalKasralainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, EgyptAhlam EssamSabaMedical college, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaAzzah AbdullahAlazmiMedical college, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaHamasat MansourAlkusheifMedical college, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaFutun FahadAlabdaliMedical college, Jouf University, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180813Venesection (FASD) (or the practice of drawing blood from a vein as a medical therapy) was first introduced by Ibn al-Quff in the 12th century, described in his book, al Omdaa (Arabic version). He explained in details how venesection (FASD) or bloodletting would help to relieve different infectious and dermatological diseases as well as some tumours.<br />A comprehensive literature review was done using PubMed and Google Scholar. Papers written on Ibn al-Quff’s work and his contribution to medical knowledge, including those on venesection were selected. Chapter 10 of Ibn al-Quff’s (in Arabic) manuscript describes extensively the reasons and procedures for venesection.<br />Ibn al-Quff discussed the efficacy of venesection in multiple medical conditions such as inflammatory, infectious, and haematological tumours and other cases. The vast use of venesection raises the concern, especially regarding its inefficiency in some current medical treatments.<br />Ibn al-Quff talked about venesection in a way not suitable for his time. Venesection, in comparison to hemodilution, has a role in medical practice. Multiple applications of Ibn al-Quff’s venesection require more studies in current medical practices.https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45638_f49a7481b66234086b8a04806a090416.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Research on History of Medicine2251-886X8320190801The 2nd International Congress on History of Medicine in Iran and Islam19719845639ENArmanZargaranPharmD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of History of Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-4351-3861Journal Article20190908https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_45639_54b9e3a0eafbc48c68f5236715ee4e79.pdf