@article { author = {Zargaran, Arman}, title = {The Iranian National Collaboration for the History and Philosophy of Medicine}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42978.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42978_9a63a5726d838eeb4b95ca520f58b1ba.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmadian-Attari, Mohammad Mahdi and Ahmadian Attari, Sadegh and khalaj, Amir}, title = {Medical Utilization of Silver in Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Archaeological researches indicate that the use of silver was common in various practices; there were numerous mints for silver coinage across Sassanid Persia (circa 620 AD) indicating that Persians were familiar with silver mining and its refining process. Medical practice also benefited from that expertise, and in the course of the following centuries new forms of utilizing silver began to emerge. This study focuses on one text belonging to the eleventh century; Avicenna’s (IbnSina) Canon of Medicine. This study found different forms of silver in his book including splinters of silver (Sohaala), silver litharge (Qaleemia), dross of silver (Khobth) and burnt silver (Ihragh) along with their methods of preparation and medical applications. Some silver medical devices were also found in this book including a silver tube as a breathing tube, catheter with silver needle, a silver device called Anboob to excise warts, and a silver thimble for nail protection. Avicenna rarely mentions the source of his information; therefore, the subsequent attempt of this study to trace the origin of his information is mainly comprised of tentative linkages. Nonetheless, it appears that Avicenna took at least a portion of the information on the utilizations of silver from Indian, Greek, Roman and local Persian medical sources or practitioners.}, keywords = {Avicenna,Canon of medicine,Silver}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42979.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42979_20b88de8813726d8511cc00b4b728591.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahansazan, Reyhane and Kazemi, Amir Hooman and Karimi, Mehrdad and Ahansazan, Hamed}, title = {Investigating Medical Parallels between Two Works of Mythology and Epics; Ferdosi’s Shanameh from Iran and Fēng Shén Yǎn Yì from China}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Some believe that ancient mythological and literary texts solely aimed to amuse and entertain, and were sprouted from their feelings and thoughts, and do not regard the study of the ancient and mythological stories as having the definiteness and clarity which science is known for it. Hence, this is why mythological stories in reality convey the beliefs, nature, attitudes and the extent of human knowledge at some point in history. They account for one of the most important signs of civilization and an important factor in creating cultural ties and dominance in the past. It is on this basis that literature is considered as a symbol of cultural competence and civilization of various nations. Although Ferdosi’s Shanameh from Iran and Fēng Shén Yǎn Yì from China are independent works, numerous similarities in various fields including mythological and medical elements are to be found. It can be concluded that the effects of each of these works have acknowledged the signs of old historical relations between Iran and China.}, keywords = {History of medicine,Persian medicine,Chinese Medicine,Shahnameh,Fēng Shén Yǎn Yì}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42982.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42982_7e4e2547d78312daf3e355df86b85284.pdf} } @article { author = {Khirandish, Abdulrasool and Kavoosi, Akram}, title = {Effects of Epidemics on Population; Actions of Central Government and Effective Factors (Northern Coast of Persian Gulf 1300-1320 A.H.S.)}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Geographical location and climatic condition in the northern coast of Persian Gulf provided a suitable condition for the spread of epidemic diseases and their continuity. In Qajar period, increased relations with India, Mesopotamia and lack of health facilities caused the death of many residents in these areas. At the beginning of Reza Shah’s reign and the government’s attitude towards modernization, it was expected that diseases would be eradicated all over the Northern Coast of Persian Gulf; nevertheless, several factors such as war, drought, local Khans’ engagement, oil exploration etc. had an effect on the government’s actions and caused the government to pay attention to some areas more than others, so the population increased in these areas and other areas faced low growth and population decline. Following a descriptive-analytic method and by accepting this view that the spread of epidemics in Qajar and Pahlavi periods impacted population changes in the Northern Coast of Persian Gulf, we addressed central government’s actions and effective factors as to find out to what extent these measures helped control such diseases in these areas.Many epidemics in the northern coast of Persian Gulf, particularly Cholera and Plague came from India to these seaports and continued because of climatic conditions, and caused the death of many residents. Central government could control and decrease death rate from these diseases partly until the end of Reza Shah’s reign with establishing health centers, quarantine, security and road building. Based on central government’s actions, other common diseases partly decreased in these areas especially in Khuzestan.}, keywords = {Northern Coast of Persian Gulf,Disease,Population,Medical Office,(1300–1320 A.H.S.)}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42983.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42983_ab9ed4c80ae4603cd571d94c54f01514.pdf} } @article { author = {Nadim, Mostafa}, title = {Influence of Sassanid Religious Negligence on Scientific Progress of Jundishapur}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The academic center of Jundishapur has been among significant ones in the old East. An important issue in recognizing such a center is studying the factors relative to its academic growth, among which the following can be enumerated: the emigration of Christian scientists, the Sassanid king’s attention to the city, etc. The important matter, however, is the consistency of this center in academic issues, which has been stable despite different governments and under varied rulers.This study attempts to investigate the religious negligence as one of the significant factors in the growth of Jundishapur center. The existence of religious negligence even after the ancient period and the Islamic period led to its growth.}, keywords = {Jundishapur,Sassanid,Religious Negligence,Khosrov Anoshirvan,Medical}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42984.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42984_5d7872610fa3a27514a5d54e46dc3d04.pdf} } @article { author = {Romero Reverón, Rafael}, title = {Martin Kirschner’s Contributions to Surgery and Anesthesiology}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Martin Kirschner (1879-1942), versatile German surgeon who had his scientific research and academic interests addressed topics which are covered by several specialities such as general surgery, orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery, anesthesiology and plastic surgery. He also was the editor of five medical journals and autjor of 249 articles and eight textbooks. His greatest and lasting contribution is the Kirschner ‘s wire which is still in use for bone traction and for temporal or definitive osteosynthesis.}, keywords = {Martin Kirschner,Kirschner ‘s Wire,Skeletal Traction,Pulmonary Embolectomy,Development of Anesthesiology in Germany}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42980.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42980_c657698614568c16773b6fde46c21293.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezaeipour, Nasser and Jafari, Farhad and Nasseri, Mohsen and Kamalinejad, Mohammad and Rezaeizadeh, Hossein}, title = {“Ghola’a”, a Kind of Oral Ulcers and its Treatment in the Book of Great Elexir [Exir-e Azam]}, journal = {Journal of Research on History of Medicine}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-886X}, eissn = {2251-886X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42981.html}, eprint = {https://rhm.sums.ac.ir/article_42981_6c8fbe473dbc33e141d57ee7bee58c50.pdf} }