Fereydun, the Mythical Warrior Who Was a Doctor

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Foreign languages and Linguistics, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

10.30476/rhm.2024.104249.1245

Abstract

This study explores the character of Fereydun (in Middle Persian: Frēdōn) within the context of ancient Iranian mythology, emphasizing his significance as both a warrior and a healer. To appreciate Fereydun’s role, it is essential to understand the broader framework of Iranian mythology, which boasts a rich history dating back over a millennium BCE. These narratives, rooted in Indo-European epics, share numerous themes with Indian mythology, particularly the dichotomy of good versus evil. Central to this mythology is the eternal struggle between Ahura Mazda, the embodiment of absolute goodness, and Ahriman, the personification of evil. Ahriman’s relentless attempts to disrupt Ahura Mazda’s creation include inflicting diseases upon humanity. In response, Ahura Mazda enlists a troop of celestial beings and humans, among whom Fereydun emerges as a prominent figure endowed with superhuman abilities. Fereydun’s narrative is particularly notable for his triple role as a combatant against evil, an enchantment expert, and a purveyor of healing knowledge. This research posits that Fereydun’s abilities are not merely heroic but also encompass medicinal powers, positioning him as a pivotal figure in the fight against ailments created by Ahriman. The study employs etymological analysis to elucidate the meanings behind Fereydun’s name and correlate them with his extraordinary capabilities. By examining Fereydun’s combativeness alongside his healing powers, this research aims to illuminate the ancient Iranian perspective on the role of physicians as societal heroes and guardians of health.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Research on History of Medicine
Volume 14, Issue 4
November 2025
Pages 291-304

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